Macro-microscopy and TLC atlas of leaves of Costus igneus Nak.

Introduction: Costus igneus Nak., commonly known as Spiral flag, is a member of Costaceae and a newly introduced plant in India from South and Central America. In southern India, it usually is grown as an ornamental plant and its leaves are used as a dietary supplement in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Recently, a number of researches have been carried out and it has been proven to possess various pharmacological activities like antidiabetic, hypolipidemic, diuretic, antioxidant, anti-microbial and anti-cancer. Methods: Macro-microscopy and TLC investigation for the leaves of C. igneus were done using standard methodology. Results: The chief microscopic characters of leaves include epidermis with anomocytic stomata, mesophyll cells with calcium oxalate crystals and fibres associated with parenchyma cells. TLC of ethanolic extract showed 7 and 12 spots at short UV nm and long UV respectively. Conclusion: This study will serve as a standard reference for identification of Costus igneus Nak. leaf.