Analytical Standards of Vrukshamla (Garcinia indica Choisy) Beeja Taila - Kokum Butter

Abstract

Introduction: Garcinia indica Choisy is the most commonly accepted source of Vrukshamla, which is one of the commonest herbs mentioned in classics of Ayurveda. G. indica is also known as kokum butter tree as its seeds yield an oil, which remains solid at room temperature. This extracted oil from the seeds of Vrukshamla is used by folklore Vaidyas in Western Ghats of India to treat various skin ailments like dry skin conditions, cracked heels etc. Methods: The present study has been undertaken to evaluate and analyze the Vrukshamla beeja taila (VBT) by standard oil parameters, including HPTLC. Results: The sample of VBT was solid at room temperature, having yellowish or off-white colour and characteristic odour. Its analytical study showed the presence of fatty acids as esters, which were fresh and not rancid. TLC photo documentation revealed presence of many phyto-constituents with different Rf values. HPTLC densitometric scan of the plates showed numerous bands under 254 nm, 366 nm and 620 nm (after derivatisation). On photo documentation, there were 3 spots under 254 nm, 4 spots under 366 nm and 12 spots under 620 nm post-derivatisation with vanillin sulphuric acid spray reagent. Conclusion: This study will serve as a standard reference for preliminary identification of VBT.